British Wildlife 37.1 October 2025

Herefordshire’s ice age ponds: ecology and geological origins

Near the end of the last Ice Age, the landscape of Wales and the Marches was abruptly and dramatically changed. At a time when Woolly Mammoth Mammuthus primigenius and other megafauna roamed the land, retreating glaciers created distinctive landforms. 

Will Watson, Giles King-Salter and Beth Andrews explain how glacial heritage creates uniquely valuable wildlife ponds and share the work to map and protect these irreplaceable waterbodies in Herefordshire. 

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